With the contradiction between population and resources, the quality of soil and land resources has become increasingly serious. Since 1960s, the world has been concerned about this issue. And China is very serious, China's arable land accounts for only around 10% of the population is only 22%, China's per capita arable land area a few years ago had been reduced to the 1.4 acres, only 40% of the world average level, the red line of 18 million mu of arable land is broken alarm has been sounded, also the 18 million mu of tillage geology is accelerated decline. The area of arable land decreased and the quality of the decline, what we take to ensure food security, the problem is worrying.
The area of soil degradation in China is wide, the intensity is large, and the type is many. Total land degradation of 4600000 km2, accounting for 40% of the total land area, is the world's total area of soil degradation 1/4. Soil erosion total area of 1500000 km2, almost of the total land area of 1/6, annual loss of soil 500000 tons, the loss of soil nutrients equivalent to the total output of the national fertilizer 1/2. Soil environment pollution is becoming more and more serious, at the beginning of the 1990s only industrial three wastes pollution of farmland area of 6 million km2, equivalent to all the arable land area of 50 agricultural large county. There are a wide range of soil degradation in China. The soil degradation phenomena occur in different types and degrees. Area, North China area mainly occurred with salinization and in Northwest China is desert, Loess Plateau and the Yangtze River, upstream main soil erosion, occurred in southwest a stone, the eastern region mainly for the decline of soil fertility and environmental pollution. Overall, soil degradation has affected more than 60% of arable land in China.
The speed of soil degradation in China is amazing. Only one of the cultivated land, in the 80 years of ten years to reach about 2300000 Hm2, in recent years, is still accelerating. In which the national and local construction land is about 20%, the farmer housing accounts for 5%-7%. The development of soil erosion is also very much attention, the area of soil erosion area from 1500000 hm2 in 1949 to 90 years of development to the 2000000 hm2. In the last 30 years, soil acidification has been expanded, the average decline of 0.6 units, the acidic farmland area (pH<5.5) from 7%, up to the current 18%. South 14 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) soil pH<6.5 ratio from 52% to 65%, pH<5.5 from 20% to 40%, pH<4.5 from 1% to 4%. The proportion of cultivated land in, Guangxi, Sichuan and other places of Guangdong was 13%, 7% and 4% respectively. The contents of heavy metals such as Zn, Pb, Cu were increased by 30%-300%. And there is increasing evidence that the accumulation of organic pollutants in soil is accelerating.
Although soil degradation is a very complicated problem, the cause of its degradation is the result of natural and man-made factors. Natural factors include the destruction of natural disasters and abnormal into soil factors (such as climate, parent material, topography, etc.), which is caused by natural soil degradation processes (erosion, desertification, salinization, acidification, etc.) on the basis of the reasons. And the disharmony between man and nature is the root cause of the degradation of soil (ground). Human activities not only directly lead to natural land occupied, and more dangerous is the blind development of human resources (such as the use of soil, water, gas, biological and other agricultural resources (such as deforestation, transitional grazing, irrational agricultural cultivation, etc.), resulting in a vicious cycle of ecological environment.
The nature of soil degradation is the reduction of the number of soil (land) resources and the decrease of quality. Soil resources are limited in number, not unlimited. The number of soil (land) decreases gradually with the increasing of soil degradation. For many people, the potential danger is the reduction of soil quality. From the point of view of the sense, improve soil structure and fertility, maintain soil fertility often new, improve the quality of soil is an important work with strategic position. Thus, soil degradation and soil quality are closely related to one of the two sides of the problem. Therefore, it is necessary to have a correct understanding of the relationship between man and nature, in accordance with the laws of nature to do a good job in the construction of ecological environment, regional development, water conservancy projects, rational tillage, soil fertility, to prevent the degradation of soil quality
The primary task of preventing and controlling soil degradation is to protect cultivated land, because the soil is the most valuable soil (land) resources. It is the most basic production data of agricultural production. Although the degradation of cultivated land is affected by the unfavorable natural factors, the use of human high intensity, unreasonable cultivation, cultivation, fertilization and other activities are the main reasons for the imbalance of soil ecological balance, environmental quality deterioration, the decline of the regeneration ability and productivity. Therefore, the prevention and control of soil degradation, first of all, to protect the agricultural production has a special importance of arable soil.
TEL 
CONTACT 
E-MAIL